Perspectives on framing / edited by Gideon Keren.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

On the definition and possible underpinnings of framing effects : a brief review and a critical evaluation / Gideon Keren -- Levels of information : a framing hierarchy / Shlomi Sher and Craig R.M. McKenzie -- Mental accounting and individual welfare / Dilip Soman and Hee-Kyung Ahn -- Too many views to capture : reference set effects in human judgment / Chris Janiszewski -- Mechanisms underlying linguistic framing effects / Linda M. Moxey -- Linguistic polarity, outcome framing, and the structure of decision making : a pragmatic approach / Denis J. Hilton -- Alive or not dead : implications for framing from research on negations / Yaacov Schul -- Direction-of-comparison effects : how and why comparing apples with oranges is different from comparing oranges with apples / Michaela Wan̈ke and Leonie Reutner -- When frames meet realities : on the perceived correctness of inaccurate estimates / Karl Halvor Teigen -- The when and why of risky choice framing effects : a constructive processing perspective / Erid R. Igou -- Valence framings in negotiations / Simone Moran and Ilana Ritov -- Specifying when and how gain-and loss-framed messages motivate healthy behavior : an integrated approach / Alexander J. Rothman and John A. Updegraff -- What's it all about? Framing in political science / James N. Druckman -- Framing effects in surveys : how respondents make sense of the questions we ask / Wan̈di Bruine de Bruin.

Language comprises a major mark of humans compared with other primates and is the main vehicle for social interaction. A major characteristic of any natural language is that the same communication, idea, or intention can be articulated in different ways{u2014}in other words, the same message can be "framed" differently. The same medical treatment can be portrayed in terms chance of chance of success or chance of failure; energy reduction can be expressed in terms of savings per day or savings per year; and a task can be described as 80% completed or 20% uncompleted. In this book, contributors from a variety of disciplines{u2014}psychology, linguistics, marketing, political science, and medical decision making{u2014}come together to better understand the mechanisms underlying framing effects and assess their impact on the communication process.