The proofs of prophecy = Aʻlām al-nubūwah : a parallel English-Arabic text / Abū Hātim al-Rāzī ; translated, introduced and annotated by Tarif Khalidi.

Arabic text and English translation on facing pages.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 245-250) and indexes.

This publication was funded through the support of the U.S. Congress and the Library of Congress.

Part one -- An account of what transpired between me and the heretic -- Concerning the five eternals and the debate over imitation and independent investigation -- Concerning his argument that the five are eternal, with no other eternal except them, and the debate about time and space -- That the world is created -- Part two -- [On reason, religion, and imitation] -- Returning to the subject of rational investigation and inquiry -- A discussion of the phrase "profound reflection" -- A discussion of contradiction -- That when believers in religious law are asked for proof, they become abusive -- His saying, "They are deceived by the imposing beards of these jackasses" -- His statement that the truth is buried very deep and falls totally silent -- His statement concerning feeble-minded men and women -- Regarding his statement, "We shall now examine the speech of these people and its contradictory nature" -- The prophet's demeanor and virtues -- Concerning the speech of prophets and their laws -- Concerning parable and meaning -- Concerning what the heretic stated that is in the Torah -- Part four -- A brief discussion of the differences among so-called philosophers and the contradictions in their speech -- Conflict among philosophers and regarding principles -- A summary of divergences among views of philosophers -- Which of the tow groups is more deceitful? -- There is no divergence among prophets regarding principles -- All religious laws are true, but falsehood has been mixed with them -- Part five -- Further views of the heretic -- On oppression and victory -- The difference between miracles and signs -- The mention of the signs of Muh̥ammad in revealed books -- The signs of Muh̥ammad in Islam -- Part six -- On the matter of the Qurʾān -- Part seven -- Prophets as originators of the sciences and testators of philosophers -- The origin of the stars and of astronomical observations -- The origin of the science of pharmacology -- Every knowledge stems from the first sage.