Introduction to quantitative hydrology / Aly I. El-Kadi.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Hydrology and Hydrologists -- 1.2 Water and Civilization, Culture, and Religion -- 1.3 Historical Milestones in Modern Hydrological Science -- 1.4 Water and Human Health -- 1.5 Water and Environmental Health -- 1.6 Water Disasters and Conflicts -- 1.7 Water Resource Management -- 1.7.1 Water Use and Competing Demands -- 1.7.2 Water Sustainability -- 1.7.3 Water Conservation -- 1.7.4 Water Contamination and Protection Efforts -- 1.8 Climate-Related Problems -- 1.8.1 Global Warming -- 1.8.2 Climate Change -- 1.8.3 Sea Level Rise -- References -- 2 Units and a Mathematical Refresher -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Measurement Units -- 2.2.1 Basic Units -- 2.2.2 Derived Units -- 2.3 Mathematical Refresher -- 2.3.1 Equations and Functions -- 2.3.2 Derivatives -- 2.3.3 Definitions of Basic Statistical Terms -- 2.3.4 Regression and Least Squares Fitting -- Note -- References -- 3 The Hydrologic Cycle -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Ocean -- 3.3 Hillside Hydrology -- 3.4 Evaporation and Evapotranspiration -- 3.5 Precipitation -- 3.6 Subsurface and Surface Water Processes -- 3.6.1 The Unsaturated Zone -- 3.6.2 Infiltration -- 3.6.3 Overland and Stream Flow -- 3.6.4 Saturated or Groundwater Flow -- 3.7 Watersheds -- References -- 4 Precipitation -- 4.1 The Precipitation Process -- 4.2 Measuring Rainfall -- 4.3 Estimating Average Rainfall -- 4.4 Assignments -- References -- 5 Surface Water -- 5.1 Lakes -- 5.2 Open Channels -- 5.2.1 Bernoulli Equation and Open Channel Flow -- 5.2.2 Measuring Flow in Streams -- 5.2.3 Streamflow Hydrograph -- 5.2.4 River Duration Curve -- 5.3 Assignments -- Notes -- References -- 6 Groundwater -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Aquifers and Their Properties.

6.3 Aquifer Water Flow and Darcy's Law -- 6.4 Simple Analytical Flow Solutions Utilizing Darcy's Law -- 6.5 Laboratory Experiments to Estimate Hydraulic Conductivity -- 6.5.1 Constant Head Method -- 6.5.2 Variable Head Method -- 6.6 Aquifer Homogeneity and Isotropy -- 6.7 Aquifer Effective Hydraulic Conductivity for a Layered System -- 6.8 Assignments: Aquifer Properties -- 6.9 Response of Aquifers to Pumping -- 6.9.1 Equation for Steady-State Pumping in a Confined Aquifer -- 6.9.2 Equation for Steady-State Pumping in an Unconfined Aquifer -- 6.9.3 Equation for Unsteady-State (Transient) Pumping in a Confined Aquifer -- 6.10 Assignments: Aquifer Pumping Response -- 6.11 Aquifer Test Analysis -- 6.11.1 The Log-Log Curve Matching -- 6.11.2 The Semi-Log Curve Matching (The Jacob Solution) -- 6.11.3 Well Recovery -- 6.12 Assignments: Aquifer Test -- Note -- References -- 7 Flow Nets -- 7.1 Basics of the Flow Net Design -- 7.1.1 Rules for Constructing Flow Nets -- 7.2 Calculation of Water Velocity and Travel Times -- 7.3 Flow Nets for Non-Ideal Aquifer Systems -- 7.4 Numerical Construction of Flow Nets for Non-Ideal Aquifer Systems -- 7.4.1 A Homogeneous/Anisotropic Aquifer System -- 7.4.2 Two Contrasting Aquifer Systems -- 7.4.3 Two Contrasting Aquifer Systems with a Pumping Well -- 7.5 Assignments -- References -- 8 Groundwater Contamination -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Groundwater Contaminant Transport Processes -- 8.2.1 Conservative Contaminant Transport -- 8.2.2 Non-Conservative (Reactive) Contaminant Transport -- 8.2.3 Approximate Equations for Assessing Contaminant Fate and Transport -- 8.2.4 Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Contamination -- 8.2.5 Ocean Saltwater Intrusion -- 8.3 Case Study: Risk Assessment of On-Site Sewage Disposal Systems -- 8.4 Case Study: A Watershed Protection Plan -- 8.5 Superfund Sites.

8.5.1 The General Steps Included in Site Remediation -- 8.5.2 Case Study: Del Monte Superfund Site, Oahu, Hawaii -- 8.6 Assignments -- References -- 9 Surface Water Contamination -- 9.1 Open-Water Body Mechanisms -- 9.2 Water-Air and Water-Soil Mechanisms -- 9.3 Water Quality Problems of Major World Rivers -- 9.3.1 The River Nile -- 9.3.2 The Amazon -- 9.3.3 The Mississippi -- 9.4 Assignment -- Notes -- References -- 10 Virtual Laboratory Experiments -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Experiment 1: Flow Over a Weir -- 10.2.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.2.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.3 Experiment 2: Estimating Manning Coefficient from a Flume Experiment -- 10.3.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.3.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.4 Experiment 3: Porosity of Granular Material -- 10.4.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.4.2 Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.5 Experiment 4: Specific Yield -- 10.5.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.5.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.6 Experiment 5: Capillary Rise -- 10.6.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.6.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.7 Experiment 6: Darcy's Law and Constant Head Hydraulic Conductivity Test -- 10.7.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.7.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.8 Experiment 7: Variable Head Hydraulic Conductivity Test -- 10.8.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.8.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.9 Experiment 8: Transient and Steady-State Aquifer Pumping Test -- 10.9.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.9.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.10 Experiment 9: Applying the Theis and Thiem Solutions to Aquifer Test Experiments -- 10.10.1 The Theis Solution for Unsteady Aquifer Response -- 10.10.2 The Thiem Solution for Steady-State Aquifer Response.

10.11 Experiment 10: Aquifer Transient Recovery Test -- 10.11.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.11.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- 10.12 Experiment 11: Tracer Test -- 10.12.1 Equipment and Procedure -- 10.12.2 Example Data Set and Reporting Instructions -- References -- 11 Hydrological and Climate Modeling -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Watershed Modeling -- 11.3 Surface Water or Hydraulic Modeling -- 11.4 Subsurface Water Modeling -- 11.5 Climate Modeling -- References -- 12 Advanced Data Collection Techniques -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Water Quality Analysis -- 12.3 Doppler Radar -- 12.4 Telemetry -- 12.5 Stable and Radioactive Isotopes -- 12.6 Remote Sensing -- 12.7 Geophysical Approaches -- 12.8 Soil Moisture Measurement -- 12.9 Satellite Data Collection -- Note -- References -- 13 Advanced Data Analysis Techniques -- 13.1 Statistical Hydrology -- 13.1.1 Data Analysis and Modeling -- 13.1.2 Simulations and Forecasting -- 13.1.3 Probability Density Functions Commonly Used in Hydrology -- 13.1.4 Outline for Deterministic or Stochastic Approaches -- 13.1.5 Example Applications of the Monte Carlo Approach -- 13.2 Geographic Information System -- 13.3 Geostatistical Methods -- 13.4 Modeling and Open-Source Programming -- 13.5 Assignments: Stochastic Analysis -- Notes -- References -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Index.

This textbook serves as an introductory quantitative course on the fundamental elements of the hydraulic cycle. It enhances students' understanding by discussing the latest advancements in hydrological science, covering both experimental and computational techniques. The book provides comprehensive coverage of precipitation, surface water, groundwater, contamination issues, and modern data collection and analysis methods including remote sensing, geophysical approaches, and statistical hydrology.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2025. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.